Fireplace
Fireplace
The fireplace is nothing else, as soon as an open stove, which can be used to heat a room at home. Each fireplace consists of three basic elements, namely:
o the combustion chamber – it is a place to burn wood;
o the smoke chamber – it is the widened lower part of the flue;
about the throat – it is an opening in the roof of the combustion chamber, connecting the smoke chamber. Halfway up the throat, there is usually a rotary damper or a gate valve.
If we put a fireplace in the house, when building it, we must take into account the following conditions:
o the chimney cross-section should be at least 20 x 20 cm;
o the width and height of the open surface of the combustion chamber should be approx 1/50 floor area;
o the bottom of the furnace chamber should be above the floor: 15-30 cm at fireplaces with a metal grate or 15 – 30 cm near fireplaces with an ash grate;
a strip of floor wide 30 – 50 cm at the chimney opening should be made of clinker bricks, ceramic tiles or ceramic bricks, and on a wooden floor made of galvanized or copper sheet;
o only fireclay bricks are used to face the inside of the combustion chamber, chamotte clay and raw clay as mortar binders;
o the horizontal cross-section of the throat should not be less than 1/10 the surface of the fireplace opening;
o the smoke chamber should have the shape of a truncated pyramid with a vertical rear wall, and the others inclined at an angle of not less than 60 °;
o the height of the smoke chamber should be 45 – 55 cm;
o the distance between the wooden structure and the smoke duct should not be less than 25 cm.
The internal walls in the furnace chamber must be resistant to high temperatures and that is why we make them from fireclay bricks on fireclay mortar or on a mortar made of greasy clay with an admixture of table salt. (and 8 glasses of oily clay should be given 1 a glass of table salt). You can also use a stove fitter prepared from a mixture of the following proportions of ingredients: 1 part of the cement 250, 2 parts of the clay slurry, 4 parts of fine sand (or burnt brick dust).
